From Wikipedia
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardizedcpsychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.[1] Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.[2]
The original MMPI, first published by the University of Minnesota Press in 1943, was replaced by an updated version, the MMPI-2, in 1989. A version for adolescents, the MMPI-A, was published in 1992. An alternative version of the test, the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), published in 2008, retains some aspects of the traditional MMPI assessment strategy, but adopts a different theoretical approach to personality test development.
Clinical scales[edit]
Scale 1 (AKA the Hypochondriasis Scale) : Measures a person's perception and preoccupation with their health and health issues.,
Scale 2 (AKA the Depression Scale) : Measures a person's depressive symptoms level.,
Scale 3 (AKA the Hysteria Scale) : Measures the emotionality of a person.,
Scale 4 (AKA the PsychopathicDeviate Scale) : Measures a person's need for control or their rebellion against control.,
Scale 5 (AKA the Femininity/Masculinity Scale) : Measures a stereotype of a person and how they compare. For men it would be the Marlboro man, for women it would be June Cleaver or Donna Reed.,
Scale 6 (AKA the Paranoia Scale) : Measures a person's inability to trust.,
Scale 7 (AKA the Psychasthenia Scale) : Measures a person's anxiety levels and tendencies.,
Scale 8 (AKA the SchizophreniaScale) : Measures a person's unusual/odd cognitive, perceptual, and emotional experiences,
Scale 9 (AKA the Mania Scale) : Measures a person's energy.,
Scale 0 (AKA the Social Introversion Scale) : Measures whether people enjoy and are comfortable being around other people.
The original clinical scales were designed to measure common diagnoses of the era.
| Number | Abbreviation | Description | What is measured | No. of items |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hs | Hypochondriasis | Concern with bodily symptoms | 32 |
| 2 | D | Depression | Depressive Symptoms | 57 |
| 3 | Hy | Hysteria | Awareness of problems and vulnerabilities | 60 |
| 4 | Pd | Psychopathic Deviate | Conflict, struggle, anger, respect for society's rules | 50 |
| 5 | MF | Masculinity/Femininity | Stereotypical masculine or feminine interests/behaviors | 56 |
| 6 | Pa | Paranoia | Level of trust, suspiciousness, sensitivity | 40 |
| 7 | Pt | Psychasthenia | Worry, Anxiety, tension, doubts, obsessiveness | 48 |
| 8 | Sc | Schizophrenia | Odd thinking and social alienation | 78 |
| 9 | Ma | Hypomania | Level of excitability | 46 |
| 0 | Si | Social Introversion | People orientation | 69 |
Codetypes are a combination of the one, two or three (and according to a few authors even four), highest-scoring clinical scales (ex. 4, 8, 2, = 482). Codetypes are interpreted as a single, wider ranged elevation, rather than interpreting each scale individually.
Video source - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wa20HHh3uHQ
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), a revision of the original MMPI (1943) was published by the University of Minnesota Press in 1989 and revised in 2001. Updates were introduced in 2003 (The Restructured Clinical [RC] Scales) and 2006 (The Symptom Validity [FBS] Scale) documented in a test monograph in 2009. The MMPI-2 is a self–report instrument designed to aid in the assessment of a wide range of clinical conditions. It is used in nonclinical settings to assess persons who are candidates for high-risk public safety positions (police officers, nuclear power plant personnel, firefighters, pilots, and air-traffic controllers), and in criminal and civil forensic settings.
Age Range: 18 years and older
Reading Level: 5th grade (Lexile average), 4.6 grade (Flesch-Kincaid)
Administration: Online, Computer, CD or Paper and pencil
Completion Time: 60-90 minutes
Forms: 567 True-False items
Norms: A nationally representative community sample of adult men and women (1,138 males and 1,462 females between the ages of 18 and 80 from several regions and diverse communities within the U.S.)
Scoring Options: Q-global Scoring and Reporting, Q Local Software, Mail-in Scoring Service, Hand Scoring
Report Option: Extended Score Reports, Adult Clinical Interpretive Reports, Forensic Settings Reports, Personnel Interp. and Adjustment Ratings Reports
Publication Date: 1989, 2001 (revised), updated 2003 and 2009
Publisher: University of Minnesota Press
Other references:
MMPI by JANE FRAMINGHAM, PH.D.
http://psychcentral.com/lib/minnesota-multiphasic-personality-inventory-mmpi/0005959
What Is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?
A Look at the History and Use of the MMPI by Kendra Cherry
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologicaltesting/a/mmpi.htm
