Class Notes MMPI
Source - http://www.docstoc.com/docs/document-preview.aspx?doc_id=110169169
Tuesday, May 20, 2014
Friday, May 16, 2014
JUST RELEASED! Tables of Specifications for Psychometrician Licensure Exam
Finally PRC has released last 8 May 2014 the Tables of Specifications for Psychometrician Licensure Exam. The Table of Specifications provide specific items or topics that the four subjects will be covered in the licensure exam. Also it assigns particular weight in percentage and its corresponding number of items in the exam.
Now reviewer will have more focus on what to cover for their review. Although the topics are still broad it is advised that the CHED Course Specifications for Psychology should be referred to as well, check the link at -
We have made infographics for the two subjects ahead of this post with these links:
SO GOOD LUCK to all REVIEWERS may the FORCE BE WITH US!
Note - this document is not yet available at the PRC/Psychology Board website as of posting (12 AM, 16 May 2014)
Thursday, May 15, 2014
What to consider reviewing on Theories of Personality?
Could you recognize and name these psychologists? How many can you name and their theory on personality? I hope you also recognize our very own, founder of Sikolohiyang Pilipino.
We already made several postings about Theories of Personality on this blog.
Visit the following links to read more about it:
CHED Course Specification (this should also serve as basis on topics to review for this subject)
Video lecture:
Textbook and books we are reading
Just use the search button found on the right side of this blog to find more blog posts on this subject.
Wednesday, May 14, 2014
Particular Emphasis on Psychological Assessment on your Review
Among the four subjects for the Psychometrician Licensure Exam, it is highly probable that Psychological Assessment will have the most items compared to the other three subjects: Abnormal Psychology, Theories of Personality and Industrial Psychology.
Well after all, the licensure exam is for Psychometrician and those who will be licensed should be adept in Psychometrics, Psychological Testing and Psychological Assessment.
So if the rest of the subjects would be at 100 items each, with a percentage of 20%, then Psychological Assessment would be in the range of 130-160 items at 40%.
So what are the most likely topics from this subject? Kindly refer to this earlier post here - http://psychometricpinas.blogspot.com/p/chedcourse-specification.html
Also, be sure to cover the following areas shown in the infographics.
Please tag and share this info to your friends and other reviewers.
Well after all, the licensure exam is for Psychometrician and those who will be licensed should be adept in Psychometrics, Psychological Testing and Psychological Assessment.
So if the rest of the subjects would be at 100 items each, with a percentage of 20%, then Psychological Assessment would be in the range of 130-160 items at 40%.
So what are the most likely topics from this subject? Kindly refer to this earlier post here - http://psychometricpinas.blogspot.com/p/chedcourse-specification.html
Also, be sure to cover the following areas shown in the infographics.
Please tag and share this info to your friends and other reviewers.
Tuesday, May 13, 2014
MMPI Video Lectures - Validity and Clinical Scales
Validity Scales
The validity scales in all versions of the MMPI-2 (MMPI-2 and RF) contain three basic types of validity measures: those that were designed to detect non-responding or inconsistent responding (CNS, VRIN, TRIN), those designed to detect when clients are over reporting or exaggerating the prevalence or severity of psychological symptoms (F, Fb, Fp, FBS), and those designed to detect when test-takers are under-reporting or downplaying psychological symptoms (L, K, S). A new addition to the validity scales for the MMPI-2-RF includes an over reporting scale of somatic symptoms scale (Fs).
| Abbreviation | New in version | Description | Assesses |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNS | 1 | "Cannot Say" | Questions not answered |
| L | 1 | Lie | Client "faking good" |
| F | 1 | Infrequency | Client "faking bad" (in first half of test) |
| K | 1 | Defensiveness | Denial/Evasiveness |
| Fb | 2 | Back F | Client "faking bad" (in last half of test) |
| VRIN | 2 | Variable Response Inconsistency | answering similar/opposite question pairs inconsistently |
| TRIN | 2 | True Response Inconsistency | answering questions all true/all false |
| F-K | 2 | F minus K | honesty of test responses/not faking good or bad |
| S | 2 | Superlative Self-Presentation | improving upon K scale, "appearing excessively good" |
| Fp | 2 | F-Psychopathology | Frequency of presentation in clinical setting |
| Fs | 2-RF | Infrequent Somatic Response | Overreporting of somatic symptoms |
Source - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory
Note - Another Version on Validity - more streamlined
The 4 Validity Scales
The MMPI-2 is not a valid measure of a person’s psychopathology or behavior if the person taking the test does so in a way that is not honest or frank. A person may decide, for whatever reasons, to overreport (exaggerate) or underreport (deny) the behavior being assessed by the test.
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) contains four validity scales designed to measure a person’s test-taking attitude and approach to the test:
- Lie (L) – The Lie scale is intended to identify individuals who are deliberately trying to avoid answering the MMPI honestly and in a frank manner. The scale measures attitudes and practices that are culturally laudable, but rarely found in most people. In other words, people who make these items are often trying to make themselves look like a better person than they really are (or that anybody is). The scale contains 15 items.
- F – The F scale (the “F” does not stand for anything, although it is mistakenly sometimes referred to as the Infrequency or Frequency scale) is intended to detect unusual or atypical ways of answering the test items, like if a person were to randomly fill out the test. It taps a number of strange thoughts, peculiar experiences, feelings of isolation and alienation, and a number of unlikely or contradictory beliefs, expectations and self-descriptions. If a person answers too many of the F and Fb scale items incorrectly, it will invalidate the entire test. Contrary to some descriptions of the scale, F scale items are scattered throughout the entire test up until around item 360. The scale contains 60 items.
- Back F (Fb) – The Back F scale measures the same issues as the F scale, except only during the last half of the test. The scale has 40 items.
- K – The K scale is designed to identify psychopathology in people who otherwise would have profiles within the normal range. It measures self-control, and family and interpersonal relationships, and people who score highly on this scale are often seen as being defensive. The scale contains 30 items.
There are additional content and validity scales that have been developed independently from the core MMPI, but often scored by a psychologist who is administering the test. This article describes only these core scales used in the MMPI-2.
Clinical Scales
The MMPI has 10 clinical scales that are used to indicate different psychological conditions. Despite the names given to each scale, they are not a pure measure since many conditions have overlapping symptoms. Because of this, most psychologists simply refer to each scale by number.
10 Scales of the MMPI
The MMPI has 10 clinical scales that are used to indicate different psychological conditions. Despite the names given to each scale, they are not a pure measure since many conditions have overlapping symptoms. Because of this, most psychologists simply refer to each scale by number.
Scale 1 – Hypochondriasis: This scale was designed to asses a neurotic concern over bodily functioning. The 32-items on this scale concern somatic symptoms and physical well being. The scale was originally developed to identify patients displaying the symptoms of hypochondria.
Scale 2 – Depression: This scale was originally designed to identify depression, characterized by poor morale, lack of hope in the future, and a general dissatisfaction with one's own life situation. Very high scores may indicate depression, while moderate scores tend to reveal a general dissatisfaction with one’s life.
Scale 3 – Hysteria: The third scale was originally designed to identify those who display hysteria in stressful situations. Those who are well educated and of a high social class tend to score higher on this scale. Women also tend to score higher than men on this scale.
Scale 4 - Psychopathic Deviate: Originally developed to identify psychopathic patients, this scale measures social deviation, lack of acceptance of authority, and amorality. This scale can be thought of as a measure of disobedience. High scorers tend to be more rebellious, while low scorers are more accepting of authority. Despite the name of this scale, high scorers are usually diagnosed with a personality disorder rather than a psychotic disorder.
Scale 5 – Masculinity/Femininity: This scale was designed by the original author’s to identify homosexual tendencies, but was found to be largely ineffective. High scores on this scale are related to factors such as intelligence, socioeconomic status, and education. Women tend to score low on this scale.
Scale 6 – Paranoia: This scale was originally developed to identify patients with paranoid symptoms such as suspiciousness, feelings of persecution, grandiose self-concepts, excessive sensitivity, and rigid attitudes. Those who score high on this scale tend to have paranoid symptoms.
Scale 7 – Psychasthenia: This diagnostic label is no longer used today and the symptoms described on this scale are more reflective of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This scale was originally used to measure excessive doubts, compulsions, obsessions, and unreasonable fears.
Scale 8 – Schizophrenia: This scale was originally developed to identify schizophrenic patients and reflects a wide variety of areas including bizarre thought processes and peculiar perceptions, social alienation, poor familial relationships, difficulties in concentration and impulse control, lack of deep interests, disturbing questions of self-worth and self-identity, and sexual difficulties. This scale is considered difficult to interpret.
Scale 9 – Hypomania: This scale was developed to identify characteristics of hypomania such as elevated mood, accelerated speech and motor activity, irritability, flight of ideas, and brief periods of depression.
Scale 0 – Social Introversion: This scale was developed later than the other nine scales as is designed to assess a person’s tendency to withdraw from social contacts and responsibilities.
Sunday, May 11, 2014
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - MMPI
From Wikipedia
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardizedcpsychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.[1] Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure.[2]
The original MMPI, first published by the University of Minnesota Press in 1943, was replaced by an updated version, the MMPI-2, in 1989. A version for adolescents, the MMPI-A, was published in 1992. An alternative version of the test, the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), published in 2008, retains some aspects of the traditional MMPI assessment strategy, but adopts a different theoretical approach to personality test development.
Clinical scales[edit]
Scale 1 (AKA the Hypochondriasis Scale) : Measures a person's perception and preoccupation with their health and health issues.,
Scale 2 (AKA the Depression Scale) : Measures a person's depressive symptoms level.,
Scale 3 (AKA the Hysteria Scale) : Measures the emotionality of a person.,
Scale 4 (AKA the PsychopathicDeviate Scale) : Measures a person's need for control or their rebellion against control.,
Scale 5 (AKA the Femininity/Masculinity Scale) : Measures a stereotype of a person and how they compare. For men it would be the Marlboro man, for women it would be June Cleaver or Donna Reed.,
Scale 6 (AKA the Paranoia Scale) : Measures a person's inability to trust.,
Scale 7 (AKA the Psychasthenia Scale) : Measures a person's anxiety levels and tendencies.,
Scale 8 (AKA the SchizophreniaScale) : Measures a person's unusual/odd cognitive, perceptual, and emotional experiences,
Scale 9 (AKA the Mania Scale) : Measures a person's energy.,
Scale 0 (AKA the Social Introversion Scale) : Measures whether people enjoy and are comfortable being around other people.
The original clinical scales were designed to measure common diagnoses of the era.
| Number | Abbreviation | Description | What is measured | No. of items |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hs | Hypochondriasis | Concern with bodily symptoms | 32 |
| 2 | D | Depression | Depressive Symptoms | 57 |
| 3 | Hy | Hysteria | Awareness of problems and vulnerabilities | 60 |
| 4 | Pd | Psychopathic Deviate | Conflict, struggle, anger, respect for society's rules | 50 |
| 5 | MF | Masculinity/Femininity | Stereotypical masculine or feminine interests/behaviors | 56 |
| 6 | Pa | Paranoia | Level of trust, suspiciousness, sensitivity | 40 |
| 7 | Pt | Psychasthenia | Worry, Anxiety, tension, doubts, obsessiveness | 48 |
| 8 | Sc | Schizophrenia | Odd thinking and social alienation | 78 |
| 9 | Ma | Hypomania | Level of excitability | 46 |
| 0 | Si | Social Introversion | People orientation | 69 |
Codetypes are a combination of the one, two or three (and according to a few authors even four), highest-scoring clinical scales (ex. 4, 8, 2, = 482). Codetypes are interpreted as a single, wider ranged elevation, rather than interpreting each scale individually.
Video source - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wa20HHh3uHQ
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota_Multiphasic_Personality_Inventory
======================================================================
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), a revision of the original MMPI (1943) was published by the University of Minnesota Press in 1989 and revised in 2001. Updates were introduced in 2003 (The Restructured Clinical [RC] Scales) and 2006 (The Symptom Validity [FBS] Scale) documented in a test monograph in 2009. The MMPI-2 is a self–report instrument designed to aid in the assessment of a wide range of clinical conditions. It is used in nonclinical settings to assess persons who are candidates for high-risk public safety positions (police officers, nuclear power plant personnel, firefighters, pilots, and air-traffic controllers), and in criminal and civil forensic settings.
Age Range: 18 years and older
Reading Level: 5th grade (Lexile average), 4.6 grade (Flesch-Kincaid)
Administration: Online, Computer, CD or Paper and pencil
Completion Time: 60-90 minutes
Forms: 567 True-False items
Norms: A nationally representative community sample of adult men and women (1,138 males and 1,462 females between the ages of 18 and 80 from several regions and diverse communities within the U.S.)
Scoring Options: Q-global Scoring and Reporting, Q Local Software, Mail-in Scoring Service, Hand Scoring
Report Option: Extended Score Reports, Adult Clinical Interpretive Reports, Forensic Settings Reports, Personnel Interp. and Adjustment Ratings Reports
Publication Date: 1989, 2001 (revised), updated 2003 and 2009
Publisher: University of Minnesota Press
Other references:
MMPI by JANE FRAMINGHAM, PH.D.
http://psychcentral.com/lib/minnesota-multiphasic-personality-inventory-mmpi/0005959
What Is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?
A Look at the History and Use of the MMPI by Kendra Cherry
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologicaltesting/a/mmpi.htm
Saturday, May 3, 2014
Abnormal Psychology Portfolio - Prezi Presentation
Thanks to ace padua for this slide presentation.
Slide 1: What is abnormality?
-Quote by Ugo Betty
Slide 2: Which model provides the best explanation and treatment of abnormal behavior?
-"Do Not Put All Your Beliefs In One Basket" Illustration
Slide 3: Can diagnosis and Labeling Cause Harm?
-"Are We Over-diagnosing Mental Disorders" Video
Slide 4: Illustration of Panic in Anxiety Disorders
-"Panic Cycle" Illustration
Slide 5: Distinguishing between fear and anxiety
-"Searching the Brain for The Roots of Fear" Article
Slides 6-7: Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders concepts
- "Woman Shows the Same Symptoms as Le Roy Teens"
- "Alters" Illustration
Slide 8: The difference between mood changes and Mood Disorders
-"Is it just a mood? Or Something Else?" Pamphlet
Slide 9-10: Who in society benefits from people being unhappy with their bodies?
-"Half of hospital patients with eating disorders are children..." Article
-"Eating Disorders Soar: One Woman's Campaign for Women to Cherish Themselves" Video
Slide 11: How is addiction a disease?
-"South Korea Gaming: Skill or Addiction?" Video
Slide 12: Human Sexuality
- Human Sexuality Illustration
Slide 13: Severe Mental Illness In The News
- "Man who stole school bus..." Video
Slide 14: Personality Disorders in Celebrities
- "20 Identifiable Traits of Female Narcissists"
Slide 15: Childhood Disorders and Race
- "Mental health problems more common in kids who feel racial discrimination"
Slide 16: Alzheimer's and Dementia Costs
-"Increasing dementia costs burns through 1% of global GDP" Video
Slide 17:
- Final Reflection
Slide 18:
- References Eating Disorders Soar: One Woman's Campaign for Women to Cherish Themselves
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